Context

• As Hamas raided southern Israel last year, the Israel Defence Forces (IDF) activated the “Hannibal Directive”, a purported operational doctrine of using maximum force to ensure no soldiers are captured, even if it means sacrificing military and civilian lives, a media investigation has found.

About Hannibal Directive

• The Hannibal Directive, also known as Hannibal Procedure and Hannibal Protocol, was used from the first hours of the attack in at least three military facilities that Hamas infiltrated.
• Israeli officials have maintained that the name was chosen at random.
• But it is believed that the policy was named after the Carthaginian general Hannibal, who apparently chose to kill himself when faced with the possibility of capture by the Romans in c. 181 BCE.
• Hannibal, who commanded the forces of Carthage, a great city in what is now Tunisia, in the 17-year Second Punic War with the Roman Empire, had taken refuge with Prusias I of Bithynia in north-west Anatolia.
• The Hannibal Doctrine was formulated as a response to the Jibril Agreement of 1985 in which 1,150 Palestinian prisoners were exchanged for three Israelis who had been seized in Lebanon by the Syria-based militant group Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine-General Command (PFLP-GC).

Source: IE

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