Asperitas Undulatus:

• If the clouds that is above us suddenly gathered into wave-like formations, churning and resembling the top of a turbulent seathan it is known as “Asperitas Undulatus.”
• It’s a type of cloud that has been recently accepted by the International Cloud Atlas.
• The new cloud formation (or type) was first recorded in 2006 by citizen scientists who are part of the Cloud Appreciation Society.
• The society proposed that it did nof fit into the existing types and proposed a new name for it. After nearly nine years, this proposal has been accepted by the World Meteorological Organization, and the cloud type has been given its present name – Asperitas.
• On March 23, on the occasion of the World Meteorological Day, the World Meteorological Organization released the digitised International Cloud Atlas, which includes several new types of clouds, including Asperitas, which in Latin stands for “rough.”
• The Atlas, which includes a manual of standards and photographs of clouds and weather phenomena, was first published in the 19th century. It was last updated 30 years ago.

Fluctus:

• The 2017 digitised version of the Atlas includes a dozen new additions, including the shortlived ”Fluctus”, which looks like a row of sea horses ready to take off and forms on the top surface of clouds. These are also known as Kelvin-Helmholtz waves.

Flammagenitus:

• A result of convection arising from localised heat sources such as forest fires.
• A flammagenitus, also known as a pyrocumulus cloud or fire cloud, is a dense cumuliform cloud associated with fire or volcanic eruptions that may produce dry lightning (lightning without rain).
• A flammagenitus is similar dynamically in some ways to a firestorm, and the two phenomena may occur in conjunction with each other. However, either may occur without the other.
• A flammagenitus cloud is produced by the intense heating of the air from the surface.
• The intense heat induces convection, which causes the air mass to rise to a point of stability, usually in the presence of moisture. Phenomena such as volcanic eruptions and forest fires can induce formation of this cloud, by mechanisms similar to those which form homogenitus.
• The presence of a low-level jet stream can enhance its formation.
• Condensation of ambient moisture (moisture already present in the atmosphere), as well as moisture evaporated from burnt vegetation or volcanic outgassing (water vapour is a dominant component of volcanic eruptive gasses), occurs readily on particles of ash.

Source: The Hindu & Wiki